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Toyon (also called Christmas Berry and California Holly)
Toyon (also called Christmas Berry and California Holly)
Botanical Name
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Family
Rose Family (Rosaceae)
Origin
Native to California, including hilltop at Hearst Castle (found in Sierra Nevada foothills, coastal ranges south to Baja California)
 
At Hearst Castle

There are many Toyons in the Pergola area, along the driveway, on Chinese Hill, below La Casa del Mar and La Casa del Sol, and elsewhere on the hilltop. Most of these are probably descendants of the many Toyons planted in W. R. Hearst's time; he had them planted in large numbers for the red berries and because they are drought resistant. Toyon is also common in the area as a native plant in the Coastal Sage Scrub and the Oak Woodland.

 
Description
Evergreen shrub or small tree to 10 feet. Multi-trunked with thick, leathery leaves, 2-4 inches long having bristly, pointed teeth on the edges. Large clusters of small white flowers in June and July. Clusters of bright red berries in November to January. Birds love the berries. "Berries" are actually very small "pomes," a type of fruit which includes apples and pears.
Comments

Toyon is often used as a screen or a bank plant to control erosion. It is very drought tolerant and can be a fire retardant if kept moist. Berries are great in holiday decorations. There are several cultivars, some better suited to backyard culture. The name "heteromeles" is derived from "heteros" (variable) and "mele" (an apple tree), and refers to the fact that it is related to the apple although it differs in appearance.

 




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